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Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a complex condition that affects many people worldwide. This condition occurs when the brain has difficulty coordinating signals properly, causing various symptoms without structural brain damage. Functional neurological disorder symptoms vary widely and can affect movement, sensation, or cognitive function. Patients may experience tremors, seizures, weakness, or sensory loss that…

Astrocyte reactivity is the brain’s inflammatory response to injury or stress. This process activates white blood cells that release substances to fight off threats. Though beneficial in brief episodes, persistent inflammation damages brain function. The link between brain inflammation and cognitive decline is increasingly evident. Chronic inflammation damages nerve cells and disrupts communication between them,…

Twin studies represent a powerful approach in neuroscience research, also known as behavioral genetics. This method examines similarities and differences between identical and fraternal twins. It helps researchers distinguish between genetic and environmental roles in shaping neurological traits and disorders. This analysis is crucial for identifying how hereditary and environmental factors contribute to neurological characteristics…

Naps can have both benefits and drawbacks for brain health. A quick nap may boost alertness, memory, and mood. Research shows short naps, around 20-30 minutes, improve mental performance. They help consolidate memories and sharpen focus, making them attractive to busy people seeking clearer thinking. Napping can also reduce stress and support emotional well-being. However,…

Lucid dreaming fundamentally changes brain function. Many people don’t understand how seriously this affects their mental health and cognitive functions. Imagine a state where your brain operates in two modes simultaneously. During normal sleep, it rests and recovers. With lucid dreams, it’s forced to maintain activity in areas responsible for self-awareness. Neurophysiologists and psychiatrists study…

“Old hag” syndrome involves a brief inability to move or speak when falling asleep or upon waking. It can be deeply unsettling. People might sense a strange presence, hear unusual sounds, or feel pressure on their chest. Episodes typically last from seconds to a few minutes and occur during transitions between sleep and wakefulness. Sleep…

In our fast-paced world, many of us spend most of our time indoors – whether it’s working at a desk, watching shows, or staying out of the sun to protect our skin. This modern lifestyle often means we’re not getting enough sunlight, which is a major source of vitamin D that’s crucial for brain health….

As we age, keeping our brains sharp and healthy becomes a top priority. With Alzheimer’s disease and other memory-related issues on the rise, people are searching for ways to protect their minds. Enter the MIND diet — a brain health approach that’s both simple and science-based. This eating plan is designed to support your brain…

Your fork holds the power to protect your brain from devastating decline. Every meal you eat either nourishes your mind or slowly damages the neurons that control your thoughts, memories, and personality. The frightening truth is that millions of people unknowingly starve their brains while feeding their bodies, leading to preventable memory loss and cognitive…

Your DNA holds powerful secrets about your brain’s future health. Understanding your genetic background can be the difference between early detection and devastating surprise when it comes to neurological disorders. Many brain diseases that destroy lives and tear families apart have strong hereditary components that science is only beginning to fully understand. Genetic testing for…