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Types of Neuropathy

physician-Maushmi
Medically reviewed by Maushmi Sheth
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physician-Maushmi
Medically reviewed by Maushmi Sheth

A condition characterized by damage to nerve fibers and accompanied by a violation of the conduction of a nerve impulse along a nerve fiber is called neuropathy, and there are different types of neuropathies.

If one nerve suffers, we are talking about mononeuropathy. And if there are multiple symmetric damages to the peripheral nerves (for example, when the process covers both lower and/or upper limbs, etc.), we are talking about polyneuropathy. The pathological process can cover both cranial and peripheral nerves.

Lesions of the peripheral nerve trunks, which are based on the infringement of the nerve that has increased as a result of inflammation and edema in the musculoskeletal tunnel, are called tunnel syndrome (there is also a name for compression-ischemic neuropathy).

There are dozens of tunnel syndromes, the most famous of which is the carpal.

Causes and Types of neuropathy

In 30% of cases, neuropathy is considered idiopathic, which means caused by unknown reasons.

Otherwise, the causes of the disease can be divided into internal and external.

Reasons associated with various internal pathologies include:

  • endocrine diseases, of which diabetes mellitus accounts for about a third of all neuropathies;
  • vitamin deficiency, especially deficiency of B vitamins;
  • autoimmune diseases;
  • multiple sclerosis;
  • rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

External factors provoking the development of neuropathy include:

  • alcoholism (a frequent consequence – neuropathy of the lower extremities);
  • injuries;
  • intoxication;
  • infections.

Often the cause of nerve damage is a hereditary factor. In such cases, the disease can develop autonomously, without any additional harmful effects.

Neuropathy is a very serious ailment that needs qualified diagnosis and adequate treatment. If you are concerned about any of the symptoms listed below, consult a neurologist immediately!

Types of neuropathies

Types of neuropathies

Depending on the localization of the disease, neuropathies of the upper, lower extremities and cranial nerves are distinguished, for example:

Facial nerve neuropathy

It can develop as a result of a previous traumatic brain injury, viral infection, hypothermia, unsuccessful dental intervention, depression, pregnancy, and childbirth, as well as due to neoplasms. Signs of the disease are muscle weakening (on the part of the affected nerve), salivation, lacrimation, and inability to completely close the eyelids.

Trigeminal neuropathy

This type of neuropathy is caused by various reasons (maxillofacial surgery, dentures, difficult childbirth, heredity) damage to the nerve endings of the gums, upper and lower lips, chin. Patients complain of severe facial pain from the affected nerve, radiating to the upper, lower jaw, not relieved by analgesics. There is also a discharge from one nostril, lacrimation, and redness of the eye.

Radial nerve neuropathy

This sort is one of the types of neuropathies that often occur against the background of the so-called “sleep paralysis”, i.e., compression of the nerve due to the wrong position of the hand. This neuropathy occurs in people who use drugs or alcohol. It also progresses with hand fractures, bursitis, or arthritis. It is manifested by a violation of the dorsiflexion of the hand (the hand hangs), numbness of the thumb and index fingers, and pain that can occur along the outer surface of the forearm.

Median nerve neuropathy

The defeat of this area of ​​the upper limb can occur during sprains, fractures, diabetes mellitus, rheumatism, gout, neoplasms, as well as in the case of nerve compression. It manifests itself as severe pain (and numbness and burning) in the forearm, shoulder, hand, thumb, index, and middle fingers.

Ulnar nerve neuropathy – a type of neuropathy

The cause of this ailment can be traumatic (stretching, tear, and rupture) or other damage to the ulnar nerve (for example, caused by bursitis, arthritis). It is manifested by numbness of the first and half of the fourth fingers, a decrease in the volume of the hand, and a lowering in the volume of movement.

Sciatic nerve neuropathy

Usually, it becomes the result of a serious injury or illness (knife or gunshot wound, fracture of the hip or pelvic bones, intervertebral hernia, oncology). It is manifested by pain on the back of the thigh, lower leg, buttocks from the side of the nerve lesion.

Lower limb neuropathy

It can develop due to excessive physical overload, tumors in the pelvic region, hypothermia, and the use of certain drugs. Symptoms are the inability to bend forward, pain in the back of the thigh, and numbness in the lower leg.

Peroneal nerve neuropathy

This type of neuropathy occurs due to bruises, dislocations, and other injuries, including curvature of the spine, tunnel syndrome, wearing tight, uncomfortable shoes. Manifestations: the impossibility of dorsiflexion of the foot, cock gait (the patient cannot bend the foot “towards himself”).

Symptoms of neuropathy

Symptoms of neuropathy

The variety of types of disease explains the high number of specific manifestations. And yet, the most characteristic signs of neuropathy can be distinguished, for example:

  • swelling of tissues in the affected area;
  • violation of sensitivity (soreness, numbness, cold snap, burning of the skin, etc.);
  • muscle weakness;
  • spasms, convulsions;
  • difficulty in movement;
  • soreness / sharp pain in the affected area.

Mononeuropathies of the extremities are never accompanied by general cerebral symptoms (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, etc.); cranial neuropathies can manifest themselves with similar symptoms and, as a rule, accompany more serious diseases of the nervous system of the brain.

Polyneuropathies are manifested by impaired sensitivity, movement, and autonomic disorders. This is a serious pathology, which initially manifests itself in the form of muscle weakness (papezov), and then can lead to paralysis of the lower and upper extremities. The process can also involve the trunk, cranial, and facial nerves.

Diagnosis and treatment of neuropathy

When diagnosing neuropathy, the primary information to the doctor is given by interviewing and examining the patient, and palpation, checking the sensitivity and motor activity of the affected area.

Additionally, laboratory tests and instrumental studies can be assigned, such as:

  • blood and urine tests;
  • elastography of the peripheral nervous system
  • ultrasound and computed tomography;
  • electromyography;
  • MRI and X-ray.

After receiving the results of all examinations, the doctor chooses the most effective treatment tactics in this case.

Surgical techniques for treating neuropathy are used when the damaged nerve needs to be sutured.

Drug therapy involves the appointment of antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, and sedatives, plus drugs that improve nerve patency and vitamins. In the presence of a causative disease, treatment of the underlying ailment is carried out in parallel with the treatment of neuropathy.

Physiotherapeutic methods are considered the most effective in the treatment of neuropathy:

  • physiotherapy;
  • acupuncture;
  • electrophoresis;
  • magnetotherapy;
  • laser therapy;
  • hydrotherapy
  • acupuncture;
  • hydrotherapy, etc.
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Edward Medina
Edward Medina
15:34 30 Jun 22
Just such an amazing staff that makes you feel like part of their family. I’ve been going there for over 5 years now... and each visit I get the very best care and treatments that I have ever received in the 20+ years that I’ve been dealing with severe debilitating migraines. Since i started seeing them the number of my migraines has dropped from 15-20 a month to 2-3 every 3 month. I highly recommend them …they will change your life!read more
Daneisha Johnson
Daneisha Johnson
22:20 19 May 22
Dr. Askari was very kind and explained everything so I could understand. The other staff were nice as well. I would... have gave 5 stars but I was a little taken aback when I checked in and had to pay 600.00 upfront. I think that should have been discussed in a appointment confirmation call or email just so I could have been prepared.read more
Jean Cooper
Jean Cooper
16:54 29 Apr 22
I love the office staff they are friendly and very helpful. Dr. JODIE is very caring and understanding to your needs... and wants to help you. I will go back. would recommend Dr. Dr. Jodie to other Patients in a heart beat. The team works well together.read more
Linda M
Linda M
19:40 02 Apr 22
I was obviously stressed, needing to see a neurologist. The staff was so patient and Dr. Ansari was so kind. At one... point he told me to relax, we have time, when I was relaying my history of my condition. That helped ease my stress. I have seen 3 other neurologists and he was the only one who performed any assessment tests on my cognitive and physical skills. At one point I couldn't complete two assessments and got upset and cried. I was told, it's OK. That's why you're here. I was truly impressed, and super pleased with the whole experience!read more
Leslie Durham
Leslie Durham
15:05 01 Apr 22
I've been coming here for about 5 years. The staff are ALWAYS friendly and knowledgeable. The Doctors are the absolute... best!! Jodie Moore is always in such a great mood which is a plus when you are already stressed. Highly recommendedread more
Monica Del Bosque
Monica Del Bosque
14:13 25 Mar 22
Since my first post my thoughts have changed here. It's unfortunate. My doctor and PA were great, but the office staff... is horrible. They never call you back when they say they will, they misinform you, they cause you too much stress wondering what's going on, they don't keep you posted. They never answer the phone. At this point I've left four messages in the last week, and I have sent three messages. Twice from their portal and one direct email. No response. My appointment is on Monday morning at 8:30am, no confirmation on my insurance and what's going on. What the heck is going on, this is ridiculous!I've given up... the stress her office staff has put me through is just not worth it. You can do so much better, please clean house, either change out your office staff, or find a way for them to be more efficient please. You have to do something. This is not how you want to run your practice. It leaves a very bad impression on your business.read more
Ron Buckholz
Ron Buckholz
23:32 23 Mar 22
I was actually pleasantly surprised with this visit! It took me a long time to get the appointment scheduled because no... one answers your phones EVER! After a month, I finally got in, and your staff was warm, friendly, and I was totally impressed! I feel like you will take care of my needs!read more
Steve Nabavi
Steve Nabavi
16:28 16 Mar 22
It was a nice visit. Happy staff doing all they can do to comfort the patients in a very calming environment. You ask... me they are earned a big gold star on the fridge. My only complaint they didn't give me any cookies.read more
Katie Lewis
Katie Lewis
16:10 10 Feb 22
Had very positive appointments with Jodie and Dr. Sheth for my migraine care. Jodie was so fast with the injections and... has so much valuable info. I started to feel light headed during checkout and the staff was SO helpful—giving me a chair, water, and taking me into a private room until I felt better. Highly recommend this practice for migraine patients, they know what they’re doing!!read more
Joshua Martinez
Joshua Martinez
16:02 10 Dec 21
I was scheduled to be checked and just want to say that the staff was fantastic. They were kind and helpful. I was... asked many questions related to what was going on and not once did I feel as though I was being brushed off. The front desk staff was especially great in assisting me. I'm scheduled to go back for a mri and am glad that I'll be going there.read more
Isabel Ivy
Isabel Ivy
21:42 03 Nov 21
I had such a good experience with Lone Star Neurology, Brent my MRI Tech was so awesome and made sure I was very... comfortable during the appointment. He gave me ear plugs, a pillow, leg support and blanket, easiest MRI ever lol 🤣 My 72 hour EEG nurse Amanda was also so awesome. She made sure I was take care of over the 3 days and took her time with the electrodes to make sure it was comfortable for me! Paige was also a huge help in answering all my questions when it came to my test results, and letting me know her honest opinions about how I should go forth with my treatment.read more
Leslie Luce
Leslie Luce
17:37 20 Oct 21
The professionalism and want to help attitude of this office was present from the moment I contacted them. The follow... up and follow through as well as their willingness to find a way to schedule my dad was above and beyond. We visited two offices in the same day with the same experience. I am appreciative of this—we spend a lot of time with doctors and this was top notch start to finish.read more
robert Parker
robert Parker
16:38 16 Apr 21
I love going to this office. The staff is friendly and helpful. The doctor is great. I am getting the best... neurological tests and treatment I have ever had. The only reason I did not give them a 5 star rating is because it is impossible to reach a live person at the office to reschedule appointments. Every time I have tried to get through to the office it says all people are busy and I am sent to a voicemail. If they could get their phone answering fixed, I would give them a strong 5 stars.read more
MaryAnn Hornbaker
MaryAnn Hornbaker
00:26 25 Feb 21
Dr. Harney is an excellent Dr. I found him friendly , personable and thorough. I evidently am an unusual case. ... Therefore he spent a Hugh amount of time educating me. He even gave me literature to further explain my condition and how to follow up. This is something you rarely get from your doctors. So I am more than please with my doctor and his staff.read more
Roger Arguello
Roger Arguello
03:05 29 Jan 21
Always courteous, professional. The staff is very friendly and always work with you to find the best appointment time.... The care team has been great. Always taking the time to listen to your concerns and to find the best treatment.read more
Margaret Rowland
Margaret Rowland
01:12 27 Jan 21
I have been a patient at Lone Star Neurology for several years. Now both my adult daughters also are patients there. I... love Jodie. She is always so prompt whether it is a teleamed call are a visit in the office. She takes the time to explain everything to me and answers all my questions. I am so blessed to have Jodie as my doctor.read more
Susan Miller
Susan Miller
03:01 13 Jan 21
My husband had an accident 5 years ago and Lone Star Neurology has been such a blessing to us with my husbands care.... Jodie Moore is his provider and she is amazing! Jodie is very knowledgeable, caring, and thorough. She takes her time with you, making sure your needs are met and she is happy to answer any questions you may have. Lone Star Neurology’s patients are very lucky to have Jodie providing their care. Thank you Lone Star Neurology and especially Jodie for everything you have done for us. Jodie, you are the best!read more
Windalyn C
Windalyn C
01:32 09 Jan 21
Jodie is wonderful. She is very caring and knowledgeable. I have been to over a dozen neurologists, and none were able... to help me as much as they have here. Thanks!read more
Katie Kordel
Katie Kordel
00:40 09 Jan 21
Jodi Moore, nurse practitioner, is amazing. I have suffered from frequent, debilitating headaches for almost 20 years.... She has provided the best proactive and responsive care I have ever received. My quality of life has been greatly improved by her caring approach and tenacity in finding solutions.read more
Ellie Natsis
Ellie Natsis
15:41 07 Jan 21
I have had the best experience at this neurologist's office! For over a year I have been receiving iv treatments here... each month and my nurse, Bobbie is beyond wonderful!! She's so attentive, knowledgeable, caring, and detail oriented. She makes an otherwise uncomfortable experience much more pleasant and definitely puts me at ease! She also helps me with my insurance,ordering this specialty medication and dealing with the ordering process which is no easy feat.Needless to say, she goes above a beyond in every way and I'm so grateful to this office and to Bobbie for all they do for me!read more
Matt Morris
Matt Morris
15:39 07 Jan 21
Let me start by saying that I have been coming here for years. Due to my autoimmune disease, I am in this office... once every three weeks for multiple hours at a time. The office is very clean and the staff very friendly. My only complaint would be there communication via phone. They aren't the best at responding if you leave a voicemail and expect a call back. I understand that this is prob just due to the sheer number of alls they receive daily. What I can say I like the best about the office are the people. Bobby who handles my infusions is great. I never have any issues with her setting up my infusions. She is very quick to reply to messages sent via text and if she were to leave then my whole opinion of the office may change. I also enjoy people like Matt, Lauren, and Jodi. I appreciate all that they do for me and without this team I'm not sure I would be as happy as I am to visit the office as frequently as I have to. Please ensure that these folks are recognized as they are what makes my visit to this office so tolerable :).read more
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